Acupuncture and dry needling are both forms of needling therapies, and involve the insertion of thin, sterile needles into specific locations across the skin to trigger particular responses. The main differences between dry needling and acupuncture are the technique and theory for how and where the needles are placed.
Dry needling is focused on using strong stimulation of trigger points in order to reduce muscle tension. In contrast to this, western anatomical acupuncture is based on channel theory and does not use strong stimulation, but rather uses trigger points to heal the body and muscle naturally. A physical therapist will use dry needling to relieve pain and tension from knots and pressure points in muscle tissue, whereas practitioners of acupuncture insert needles to release endorphins and affect the central nervous system.
In addition to this, the patient process also differs between the two practices. Acupuncture needles are typically left in place for 15-30 minutes, with an acupuncturist performing the treatment. An acupuncturist is a certified health professional who applies traditional Chinese medicine in the form of acupuncture.
During dry needling, however, needles will be placed deeply or superficially depending on which area of the body is being treated. They are typically left in for no longer than 15 minutes, with the occasional manipulation or winding of the needle. Dry needling is most often performed by physical therapists or sports injury specialists, who are trained and correctly certified in the treatment for myofascial trigger points.